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Philip Bouchard
Chief Executive Officer (CEO), TrustedPeer, Inc.
- Founder and CEO of TrustedPeer
- 30 years professional experience in Internet infrastructure services, telecommunications, business applications, and healthcare applications
- CEO, COO, and CFO for seven technology companies resulting in five acquisitions
- Director of Finance and on IPO Team for Electronic Arts
- SEAL Team 2 - BUD/S Class 99
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Removing Barriers: Tapping into the Human Capital of Large Enterprises
Chief Executive Officer (CEO), TrustedPeer, Inc.
Defined Terms
- Cognitive computing
Cognitive computing refers to systems that learn at scale, reason with purpose and interact with humans naturally. Systems that learn and reason from their interactions with us and from their experiences with their environment. Cognitive systems generate not just answers to numerical problems, but hypotheses, reasoned arguments and recommendations about more complex —and meaningful —bodies of data. Cognitive systems can make sense of the 80 percent of the world’s data that computer scientists call “unstructured.” Cognitive computing augments the human ability to understand —and act upon —the complex systems of our society. IBM's Watson is an example of a cognitive computing system.
(Source: http://www.research.ibm.com/software/IBMResearch/multimedia/Computing_Cognition_WhitePaper.pdf)- Communities of practice
Communities of practice are formed by people who engage in a process of collective learning in a shared domain of human endeavor, groups of people who share a concern or a passion for something they do and learn how to do it better as they interact regularly.
(Source: http://wenger-trayner.com/introduction-to-communities-of-practice)- Explicit knowledge
Explicit knowledge represents content that has been captured in some tangible form such as words, audio recordings, or images and is usually contained within tangible or concrete media.
Properties of explicit knowledge:- Ability to disseminate, to reproduce, to access and re-apply throughout the organization
- Ability to organize, to systematize, to translate a vision into a mission statement, into operational guidelines
- Transfer knowledge via products, services, and documented processes
- Ability to disseminate, to reproduce, to access and re-apply throughout the organization
- Gamification
The process of adding games or gamelike elements to something (as a task) so as to encourage participation.
(Source: Merriam-Webster - http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/gamification)
Gamification uses an empathy-based approach (such as Design thinking) for introducing, transforming and operating a service system that allows players to enter a gameful experience to support value creation for the players and other stakeholders.
(Source: Mario Herger (2014). Enterprise Gamification - Engaging people by letting them have fun. EGC Media. p. 22. ISBN 978-14-70000-64-6.- Human capital
Human capital is the stock of knowledge, habits, social and personality attributes, including creativity, embodied in the ability to perform labor so as to produce economic value.
Alternatively, Human capital is a collection of resources—all the knowledge, talents, skills, abilities, experience, intelligence, training, judgment, and wisdom possessed individually and collectively by individuals in a population or organization.
(Source: Wikipedia - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_capital)- Internet of Things (IoT)
The Internet of Things (IoT) is a computing concept that describes a future where everyday physical objects will be connected to the Internet and be able to identify themselves to other devices. The term is closely identified with RFID as the method of communication, although it also may include other sensor technologies, wireless technologies or QR codes.The IoT is significant because an object that can represent itself digitally becomes something greater than the object by itself. No longer does the object relate just to you, but is now connected to surrounding objects and database data. When many objects act in unison, they are known as having "ambient intelligence."
(Source: Techopedia - https://www.techopedia.com/definition/28247/internet-of-things-iot)- LinkedIn user agreement - use of and access to your content
Section 3.1 Your License to LinkedIn
...you are only granting LinkedIn the following non-exclusive license: A worldwide, transferable and sublicensable right to use, copy, modify, distribute, publish, and process, information and content that you provide through our Services, without any further consent, notice and/or compensation to you or others.
Section 3.4 Limits
LinkedIn reserves the right to limit your use of the Services, including the number of your connections and your ability to contact other Members. LinkedIn reserves the right to restrict, suspend, or terminate your account.
(Source: https://www.linkedin.com/legal/user-agreement)- Slack Technologies terms of service - use of and access to "Your Data"
Section 3.3 Slack reserves the right to use your name as a reference for marketing or promotional purposes on the Site and in other communication with existing or potential Slack customers.
Section 4.1 "Your Data" means any data and content you upload, post, transmit or otherwise made available via the Services (which may include data you elect to import from Non-Slack Products you use). "Your Data" includes messages you send, files you upload, comments you make on files, profile information and anything else you enter or upload into the Service.
Section 4.4 The Services provide features that allow you and your users to share Your Data and other materials with others or to make it public.
Section 6 Representation and Warranties- You acknowledge that Slack and its designees shall have the right (but not the obligation) in their sole discretion to pre-screen, refuse, or remove any of Your Data that is available via the Service.
- We may also review Your Data transmitted through non-public mechanisms (such as private channels within the Service) where we deem appropriate, including for violations of this TOS or in response to a user complaint. Without limiting the foregoing, Slack and its designees shall have the right (but not the obligation) to remove any of Your Data that violates the TOS or is otherwise objectionable.
- You acknowledge that Slack and its designees shall have the right (but not the obligation) in their sole discretion to pre-screen, refuse, or remove any of Your Data that is available via the Service.
- Tacit knowledge
Tacit knowledge tends to reside within the heads of knowers and is difficult to articulate and difficult to put into words, text, or drawings.- Specialized and based on hands-on experience.
- Hard to capture in documents or teach to others.
- Needed for judgment calls and problem solving.
- Ability to adapt, to deal with new and exceptional situations
- Ability to disseminate, to reproduce, to access and re-apply throughout the organization
- Expertise, know-how, know-why, and care-why
- Ability to teach, to train Ability to collaborate, to share a vision, to transmit a culture
- Ability to organize, to systematize, to translate a vision into a mission statement, into operational guidelines
- Coaching and mentoring to transfer experiential knowledge on a one-to-one, face-to-face basis
- Transactive Memory System
- A transactive memory system (TMS) is a shared cognitive system for encoding, storing, and retrieving knowledge uniquely held by individuals, based on having a collective awareness of each others’ specialized knowledge domains (Hollingshead, 1998a). In a similar way to how individuals supplement their own internal memory systems by storing information in external devices (e.g., recording information into a database), it is proposed that other people are relied on as external memory aids for obtaining and processing information. As such, a well-developed TMS is argued to facilitate information exchange and coordination, while also reducing cognitive workload burdens in the team (Hollingshead, 1998b; Moreland, 1999).
In support,laboratory studies using ad hoc groups demonstrate that group members make better use of each others’ expertise and perform better on recall tasks when there are high levels of TMS (Liang, Moreland, & Argote, 1995; Moreland & Myaskovsky, 2000). Field studies also show that TMS offers benefits to teams, including high levels of team viability (i.e., likelihood thatteams will continue to work together and function effectively; Lewis, 2004), improved team performance (DeChurch & Mesmer-Magnus, 2010; Faraj & Sproull, 2000; Peltokorpi & Manka, 2008; Rau, 2005; Zhang, Hempel, Han,& Tjosvold, 2007), high levels of team satisfaction (Michinov, Olivier- Chiron, Rusch, & Chiron, 2008; Pearsall & Ellis, 2006), and reduced acute stress over time (Ellis, 2006).
Individuals’ distributed memories and knowledge representations are transformed into a property of the group because holding metaknowledge of what another person knows allows team members to effectively tap into each others’ memories.
TMS comprises two components: a structural component (i.e., a shared mental map directory or representation of “who knows what” in the team) and a processing component (i.e., a set of transactive interactions and communication processes relating to acquiring, encoding, storing, and retrieving information; see Hollingshead, 1998c; Wegner, 1986). The two components are linked because they operate in a cycle to ensure that expertise is brought to bear on the task (Lewis, Lange, & Gillis, 2005; Rulke & Rau, 2000). Thus, for TMS to develop and function effectively in a team, group members need to build on, leverage, and refine the TMS structure by engaging in three TMS processes: (a) directory updating (i.e., the continual learning and updating of where specialized areas of knowledge are distributed within the team), (b) information allocation (i.e., the matching and assigning of new incoming information resources to the relevant people for storage), and (c) retrieval coordination (i.e., the process of obtaining knowledge resources from relevant people through the shared mental map directory).
Source: Developing Transactive Memory Systems: Theoretical Contributions From a Social Identity PerspectiveJenny Liao1, Nerina L. Jimmieson1, Anne T. O’Brien 2, and Simon L. D. Restubog
Group & Organization Management 37(2) 204 –240 © The Author(s) 2012 Reprints and permission: sagepub.com/journalsPermissions.nav, DOI: 10.1177/1059601112443976, http://gom.sagepub.com
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/254095261_Developing_Transactive_Memory_Systems_Theoretical_Contributions_From_a_Social_Identity_Perspective
Removing Barriers: Tapping into the Human Capital of Large Enterprises:
Defined Terms
Expert Topic